GLP-1 RECEPTOR AGONISTS IN OBESITY MANAGEMENT: EFFICACY, TOLERABILITY AND SUPPLY CHALLENGES

Abstract

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have moved from diabetes clinics into everyday obesity care, and demand now exceeds what manufacturers and health systems can easily supply. This mini review summarises published trial and safety literature on liraglutide, semaglutide and the dual agonist tirzepatide in adults and adolescents with obesity. It covers pharmacology, weight-loss efficacy, maintenance after stopping, cardiometabolic benefit, gastrointestinal and other adverse effects, and the supply, cost and access problems that follow from rapid uptake. The review reports no new data. The evidence shows large average weight loss with tolerable but frequent side effects, while long-term outcomes, equitable access and supply security remain unresolved.